Thursday, February 23, 2012

Wardriving for Zigbee

by Travis Goodspeed <travis at radiantmachines.com>
with kind thanks to @fbz, @skytee, and their Hacker Hostel.

While I don't do much on-site work these days, it's always fun to pull out a packet sniffer for a weird protocol and show a client how much cleartext is bouncing around his facility. It's even more fun in the vendor room of a conference. Toward that end, I made a Microsoft Keyboard Sniffer in September that forwards keyboard traffic to my Nokia N900. (By the by, Microsoft still refuses to issue an advisory for that bug.)

A few months and a new phone later, I found myself doing the same thing for ZigBee/802.15.4. The result, presented in this article, is a complete wardriving solution for my Nokia N9, allowing for efficient mapping of ZigBee usage when walking or driving. This lets me to map networks similar to the irrigation and city bus networks that KF identified, but for any of the cities that I pass through.
Zigbee Wardriving

Hardware


Just as I last used the Next Hope Badge for its nRF24L01+ radio to sniff Microsoft's keyboard traffic, the new device uses a MoteIV TMote Sky, better known in some circles as a TelosB. These flooded every university campus four years ago, and you can probably pick a few up for a cup of coffee with a neighborly professor.
Pocket ZigBee Sniffer

The TelosB has a 10-pin expansion port exposing UART0's RX and TX pins, as well as AVCC and GND. Running these lines to the Roving Networks RN42 module provides an RFCOMM connection at 115,200 baud, coincidentally the same default rate used by the GoodFET firmware. Be sure to swap RX and TX for a proper connection.

Finally, a LiPO battery and charging circuit were soldered in to replace the AA batteries of the original TelosB. This allows for quick recharges and several days of battery life.

In use, I either leave the box in my jacket or put in on the dashboard of a car. The Lego Duplo case keeps all components together, and the SMA jack allows for an antenna external to the car. (Not that I ever stay in one city long enough to buy a car, but surely one of my neighbors has a convenient external 2.4GHz antenna for me to wire into.)
Zigbee Wardriving

Firmware


The GoodFET firmware natively supports the TelosB, as described here. Firmware is normally compiled by running "board=telosb make clean install", but a second board definition exists to use the external serial port instead of the internal one. So set board=telosb for local use and board=telosbbt for use over Bluetooth. Luckily both the TelosB and the RN42 module default to 115,200 baud.

This image exposes both the TelosB's CC2420 radio and its SPI Flash chip to the host. The host also has the authority to load and execute code in the device, so a standalone mode that writes recorded packets to the SPI Flash is a distinct possibility.

Standard Client


The standard GoodFET client works as expected, once py-bluez is manually installed and Nokia's DRM infrastructure, Aegis, has been disabled. To use a Bluetooth device instead of a serial port, just set the GOODFET environment variable to the appropriate MAC address.
GoodFET on the N9

Custom Client


The standard GoodFET client is written in Python, in a style where most of the guts are exposed for tinkering. This is great for doing original research on a workstation, but it's terrible when trying to show off a gizmo in a bar or at a client site. For this reason, I hacked together a quick client in QT Quick using my reverse engineered SPOT Connect client as a starting point.

The interface is composed of a Bluetooth selection dialog, a packet sniffer, and a packet beaconing script that repeatedly broadcasts a sample Packet-in-Packet Injection.
N9 ZigBee Sniffing (cropped)
GoodFET for Meego

A log is kept in the N9's internal storage, so that any captured packet can be fetched later. The log is append-only, with a record of every received packet and timestamps from each start of the application. Additionally, GPS positions are dumped for positioning.

Plotting


The position log is then translated by a script into the Keyhole Markup Language or any other GIS format for plotting.
Wardriving for Zigbee

KML is simple enough to compose, with the one oddity that longitude comes before latitude. Use the <Placemark> and <Point> tags to mark packets. For small data sets, I've had luck using <LineString> to mark my path, but after touring much of North America, I exceeded Google Maps hundred-thousand line limit.
KML Point

Post processing is frequently needed to smooth out a few erroneous GPS positions. I've collected GPS locks up to twenty kilometers from my real position when indoors and, in one instance, my phone believed itself to be in Singapore while I was actually in the USA. Be sure to check for these when making your own maps.

Conclusions


Now that I have a lightweight system for grabbing Zigbee packets in the wild, I'd like to expand my collection system to vendor proprietary protocols such as TI's SimpliciTI, the Turning Point Clicker, and other protocols that the GoodFET stack supports. I could also use it to map neighbors with the CCC's r0ket badge and similar OpenBeacon transmitters as they stray from the conference venue.

Other protocols, however, are a lot harder to wardrive. While my Microsoft keyboard sniffer can sniff traffic to the phone, it requires a learning phase that is too long to be performed while travelling in a car. This is because the keyboard protocol, unlike Zigbee and more like Bluetooth, has a Start of Frame Delimiter (SFD/Sync) that is unique to each keyboard/dongle pair, requiring special techniques for any promiscuous sniffing. The original Keykeriki exploit by Thorsten SchrΓΆder and Max Moser might identify keyboards quickly enough to be performed on the road, or there might be some new trick that will make it possible. For now, though, you'll need to know where the keyboard you'd like to attack is before you can start sniffing it.

While I'll stubbornly stick to Meego for the foreseeable future, an Android client should pop up sooner or later. Also, Mike Kershaw seems to be toying around with full-custom hardware for the job that'll be compatible with the GoodFET firmware. You can find the code for my client in /contrib/meegoodfet of the GoodFET repository.

As a final note, Zigbee traffic can be found just west of 40th Street in West Philadelphia, at Union Station in DC, in the Fort Sanders neighborhood of Knoxville, and at South Station's food court in Boston. In Louisville, Kentucky, search near the intersection of Lexington Road and Grinstead Drive. In Manhattan, try Seventh Avenue just south of Penn Station.

Have fun,
--Travis

219 comments:

1 – 200 of 219   Newer›   Newest»
loid said...

Its June... I eagerly await your new post about your engineering feats...

Anonymous said...

Thanks for providing such a social platform which give us variety of ideas to explore technical things. http://www.perytons.com/protocols/802-15-4zigbee/">Zigbee is the leading standard for smart energy networks, home automation, sensor networks, health care, and many other exciting applications.

Unknown said...

Friend very interesting project that could better inform me where I find that each component so that I can try to make one myself!

Thanks
Michel

Unknown said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
Jack said...

Thank you for providing such a useful article for us. I liked your idea. Indeed, its very interesting project.And you described everything in detail. Cheers!
Protect those who sell alchohol and tobacco

Anonymous said...

Thanks for sharing the useful information in an innovative manner. Your experience will help people in choosing the best home automation option.

deese said...

Very nice post. Any clue on why if I compile the goodfet with telosb works like hell but if I use the board telosbbt crash while flashing ? (Access denied in windows)

Thx a milion :D

Unknown said...

Hi. Can i ask for the sample code of your telosb interfacing?

John Emilton said...

find free logins here get-login-now.com

SFCable said...

Excellent article on Emulating USB Devices which are explained in detail. Each and every aspect of these Devices is comprehensively explained very easily. I am glad to see this valuable information.

The Travelius said...

Best travel holiday packages
Hong Kong Holiday Packages
Hong Kong Tour Package
Hong Kong City Tour
Hong Kong Disneyland Package
Hong Kong Package from India
Hong Kong Trip Package
Hong Kong Package Deals
Hong Kong Tour Package from Delhi

Nicole said...

If you think that you are the only student who does not catch up with the class material, I can definitely assure that you are not. I'm a real procrastinator and I just hate deadlines. Hopefully there are writing service which can help to write a
superb paper.

Technical Support 877-301-0214 said...

Why we use webroot antivirus software
A portion of the antivirus securities offered by Webroot are recorded underneath which may ensure your gadgets and help you to remain safe on the web with 877-301-0214.There is dependably the ascent of dangers online which can make people the casualties of digital assaults, malware, and infections. With Webroot.com/safe Antivirus arrangements, you don't need to stress over the risks of noxious and undesirable projects.For more info visit our website:- https://www.webroothelpnumber.com/

Sharon Wood said...

Mcafee Customer Support
Avast Customer Support Number
Norton Customer Support Number
Malwarebytes Customer Support Phone Number

reginald surict said...

Read the following post to know how to track a cell phone location for free with the number of the cell phone. All the information and tips are there.

Mp3race said...

Download latest gospel music

Download Latest Naija Music

aryanoone said...

Thanks for sharing such a nice Blog.I like it.
norton com setup enter product key
mcafee enter code
Outlook Customer service number
Microsoft Edge Customer Service Number


Unknown said...

Download Latest Naija Music & Video

mikerock said...

i found it so amazing change the name to Apple AirPods

AltPartsInc said...

Your post is really better for increase knowledge about.
MAZAK PARTS

Dale Morris said...

Phone Number for Yahoo Mail
Outlook Email Customer Service

Angela Richard said...

As a new one to this blog this is really an excellent post. Here the author tried the best the present the main points in an understanding way. Thanks a lot. Read more

Unknown said...

Really good updates Nnuforum

Nnuforum Review

how to make money on Nnuforum

how to register on Nnuforum   

is Nnuforum legit or scam

iPhone 11 Pro Review 

How to grow your blog

How Much Can I
Use To Set Up A Blog In Nigeria


How much does it cost to create a website in
Nigerian  


make more money from blogging

MTN 0.0Kb Latest Free Browsing Cheat Via 24Clan VPN Green Edition

MTN free browsing cheat on 24Clan VPN

how to browse for free with 24clan VPN Green VPN on mtn 

How To Configure 24clan VPN Green Edition For MTN Free Browsing Cheat
Settings 




Nice article

SkyNaijaMusic said...

naija entertainment

Download latest naija music
findgist

Phone Reviews


Awkcollections


I love this content..

Petertech said...

This Is To Inform You About This Blog "Africans Music Website"That They Have Many Feature Such As Latest Naigeria Music/Video So If You're Interested In Any Of This Please Do Check The Site Out Click here

blogger said...

not bad travis, not bad at all
john | easybuilder.pro

Robbie Payton said...

I rarely share my story with people, not only because it put me at the lowest point ever but because it made me a person of ridicule among family and friends. I put all I had into Binary Options ($690,000) after hearing great testimonies about this new investment

 strategy. I was made to believe my investment would triple, it started good and I got returns (not up to what I had invested). Gathered more and involved a couple family members, but I didn't know I was setting myself up for the kill, in less than no time all we had put ($820,000) was gone. It almost seem I had set them up, they came at me strong and hard. After searching and looking for how to make those scums pay back, I got introduced to maryshea03 @mailcom who helped recover about 80% of my lost funds within a month.

Admin said...

Mulabux Income 

Mulabux

Mulabux income Review

https://ptechs.com.ng

800tollfreenumber said...

How to disable malwarebytesy
turn off avast
McAfee enter code
Microsoft edge customer service
Norton product key
Hp envy 5055 ink cartridge
Microsoft edge support number

Unknown said...

As claimed by Stanford Medical, It's really the one and ONLY reason this country's women get to live 10 years more and weigh an average of 42 pounds lighter than us.

(And realistically, it really has NOTHING to do with genetics or some secret exercise and absolutely EVERYTHING to around "how" they are eating.)

P.S, What I said is "HOW", and not "what"...

CLICK this link to uncover if this little test can help you release your true weight loss potential

Admin said...

Electronics4all

Electronics4all Income Program Review

How To Register On  Electronics4all Income Program  

Electronics4all Review


Nice article

,

Eking said...

Well such a detailed information.
Free East African music download

CRMJetty said...

I love how this is written. This is very useful and gave me some ideas. Thanks so much for a great resource!

suitecrm customer portal

John Brown said...

I enjoyed reading about some great engineering feats through your blog. I would like to say thanks for sharing this piece of information.
Also, read blogs posted by Andrew
Error Code 0xc0000225

pardu said...

Thanks for the article.

Maps

Bradley Francis said...

Thanks for sharing this post.To get more information please click here.

Unknown said...

Thanks for sharing this great information https://www.4connerpress.com

Isabell Kiral said...

To make any sniffer is not an easy task but you worked hard and prepared it. I appreciate you on this success because it is great work which can't be done by everyone. Dissertation writing service.

Unknown said...

Download Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Naija Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Albums
Download Latest Wizkid Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Davido Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Burna Boy Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Naira Marley Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Zlatan Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Kizz Daniel Mp3 Songs
Download Kizz Daniel King Of Love Album Zip

Unknown said...

Download Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Naija Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Albums
Download Latest Wizkid Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Davido Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Burna Boy Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Naira Marley Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Zlatan Mp3 Songs
Download Latest Kizz Daniel Mp3 Songs
Download Kizz Daniel King Of Love Album Zip

Majeedexs said...

What a sad and terrifying story to hear, may God help us all,
South Africa 2020 MP3


https://mysabuzz.com/mp3-download">DOWNLOAD mP3

Liteup9ja said...

Nice and Well Written

Bextol said...

In Netherlands, the population density is 407.63 people per square kilometer (1060 per square mile). Because of this statistic, this country is considered to be densely populated. The total population of Netherlands is 17,084,459 people. Netherlands has approximately 1,979,486 foreign immigrants. Immigrants in Netherlands represent 0.9 percent of the total number of immigrants in the world. Immigrants in Netherlands represent 11.7 percent of the total number of immigrants in the world. The ethnic diversity of Netherlands is almost uniform according to a fractionalization scale based on ethnicity. Ethnic fractionalization (EF) deals with the number, sizes, socioeconomic distribution, and geographical location of distinct cultural groups, usually in a state or some otherwise delineated territory. http://www.confiduss.com/en/jurisdictions/netherlands/demographics/

Mithun Prakash said...

Hi, Nice Post.
Personal Shopper
Grocery Shopping

Amy Bella said...

Hello there! This is my first comment here, so I just wanted to give a quick shout out and say I genuinely enjoy reading your articles.
india seo service company
Hire Data Scientists
front end web developer

Shivendra Yadav said...



commodity online advisory company in India | CommodityOnlineTips.in

CommodityOnlinetips.in: Get free Commodity Online Trading Tips, Online Mcx Trading Tips, Indian Commodity Market Alerts. Try our 100% assure high accurate online commodity trade calls.

Commodity Advisory

Based in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India Commodity Online Tips is an online commodity advisory that primarily provides recommendations for commodities, non-Agri products (Gold, Silver, Copper, Aluminium, Nickel, Led, Zinc, Crude Oil, and Natural Gas) to BUY-SELL in MCX and NCDEX market. We assist our clients to grow through intense market analysis, enriching personalized and customized services.
We also offer trading activities and operations on a global scale. As the best result of our extensive global advisory services, we offer a comprehensive range of trading services for bullion, energy and base metals.

For More Detail Visit:- https://commodityonlinetips.in/trading-advisory

Amit Kumawat said...

Are you looking for a good Website Designing Company in india?

D-Amies can help you with all your requirements and expectations. Just make a call and we will provide you the best solution for your business.

Anu Bhardwaj said...

Thanks for all the tips, Great Article.
Indian Talent Promotion

James Tech said...


I like your post, you did good job, keep it up and i have also something to share.

mcafee.com/activate
www.mcafee.com/activate

Anonymous said...

International Courier Service Provider
Nice Article. Thanks For Sharing Valuable Information. Keep Posting

Unknown said...

Hi, Great Blog!
TV Wall Mounting Services
Mounts

ashley said...

"Nice Blog!!
Norton login is one of the easiest platform that allows you to manage products download Norton antivirus and protect your device from online threats.
Norton Account
Norton Setup"

Unknown said...

Her mom had warned her to use best beach toys for adults. She had been warned time and again, but she had refused to believe her. She had done everything right and she knew she would be rewarded for doing so with the promotion. So when the promotion was given to her main rival, it not only stung, it threw her belief system into disarray. It was her first big lesson in life, but not the last.

Adam Brown said...

Such a very interesting post!Thanks for sharing this interesting post with us. Really great effort.
Bodytech Supplements in Australia
Pre-workout Supplements in Australia
Protein Supplements in Australia
Fat Burners Supplements in Australia
Amino Acid Supplements in Australia

onlineAssignmenthelp said...

Gone are the days when relying on the tutors was the only option. With the changing times, you need to adopt the modern and necessary ways to complete your assignment. Contact The Tutors Help and avail all the assignment services at lower rates. ,Thetutorshelp.com assignment helps Sydney Level 5,121 Castlereagh Street Sydney, NSW 2000 whatsapp +61-280-062-221 info@thetutorshelp.com Seemore-https://www.thetutorshelp.com/assignment-help-in-sydney.php

Unknown said...

The shoes had been there for as long as anyone could remember. In fact, it was difficult for anyone to come up with a date they had first appeared. It had seemed they'd always been there and yet they seemed so out of place. Best Gadgets Reviews nobody had removed them was a question that had been asked time and again, but while they all thought it, nobody had ever found the energy to actually do it. So, the shoes remained on the steps, out of place in one sense, but perfectly normal in another.

raghav said...

keep up the good work!!!!
do checkout related content -https://bit.ly/3knht3c

GRSoft Developers said...

Great Research Solutions Pvt. Ltd. ( GRSoft ) is an IT company with no geographical boundaries and provides all that you can think of around IT including consulting, solutions, applications and outsourcing services.

We are a combination of unmatched capabilities, experiences and jobs that serve across the industries. We knit closely with the clients to deliver high quality solutions with latest technologies and every growing business model approach. With the solutions provided by our professional staff our vision is to help our clients always reach new heights.

Software Development Company India | Software Development Company | Software Development Company usa | Software Development Consulting Services India

GRSoft Developers said...

Great Research Solutions Pvt. Ltd. ( GRSoft ) is an IT company with no geographical boundaries and provides all that you can think of around IT including consulting, solutions, applications and outsourcing services.

We are a combination of unmatched capabilities, experiences and jobs that serve across the industries. We knit closely with the clients to deliver high quality solutions with latest technologies and every growing business model approach. With the solutions provided by our professional staff our vision is to help our clients always reach new heights.

Software Development Company India | Software Development Company | Software Development Company usa | Software Development Consulting Services India

GRSoft Developers said...

GRSoft Gaming is an honor winning, Live Casino game advancement organization of India. We offer curiosity and inventive game development with an exceptionally talented group of developer. Our bleeding edge gaming innovation creates esteem included gaming arrangements. Quality is our real worry for club game development. We offer tweaked Casino game development benefits over the globe and help you furnish with customized development. With our Casino game, individuals couldn't imagine anything better than to chance their gaining and appreciate the advantages. We have created numerous effective games like the video poker game, Sports wagering game, online club game, lottery games, and numerous other common games.

Casino Game Development Companies in India | Hire Poker Game Developers | Casino Game Developer | Casino Games Development Companies | Hire Poker Developers | Gaming Software Companies in India Rummy Game Software | Rummy Game Development

GRSoft Developers said...

GRSoft Gaming is an honor winning, Live Casino game advancement organization of India. We offer curiosity and inventive game development with an exceptionally talented group of developer. Our bleeding edge gaming innovation creates esteem included gaming arrangements. Quality is our real worry for club game development. We offer tweaked Casino game development benefits over the globe and help you furnish with customized development. With our Casino game, individuals couldn't imagine anything better than to chance their gaining and appreciate the advantages. We have created numerous effective games like the video poker game, Sports wagering game, online club game, lottery games, and numerous other common games.

Casino Game Development Companies in India | Hire Poker Game Developers | Casino Game Developer | Casino Games Development Companies | Hire Poker Developers | Gaming Software Companies in India Rummy Game Software | Rummy Game Development

GRSoft Developers said...

GRSoft's Remote IT infrastructure services are custom tailored based upon your business needs. Our Remote IT infrastructure services align network architecture and end-to-end communication, to ensure your company has the best IT solutions. We provide wide array of IT infrastructure services, right from IT infrastructure and consulting support to managing the most complex of IT infrastructural issues, with absolute precision.

Remote IT Infrastructure Support Services

blog said...

After reading your blog I found that it is very informative. It cleared my all doubts. Your blog is not talking rubbish like others. Thanks for sharing this informative article. Besides this, I recommend,
If you also have to do guest posting for Seo then you can come to our website. And you can do guest posting for your website in that simple way.And you get do follow backlinks.Best high DA PA Guest Posting Sites.
Post My Articles












































Olivia said...

Really liked your work...good!! Linksys Router Login | Linksys Router Setup | Linksys Extender Setup

Best Hospital IN Delhi said...

Awesome info in this post, thanks for sharing this post with us, We are Sunrise Hospital Delhi, provides you total women care at very affordable prices, We provide these services...

best gynecologist in delhi Ncr

best gynaecologist in delhi

best gynecologist in south delhi

best gynecologist hospital in delhi

Shyamal chikan said...

I have so much info now after reading your article.

"Best Chikan shop in Lucknow"
"Lucknow Chikankari Kurti"
"Chikan Suits shops in Lucknow"
"Lucknow Chikankari Saree"

Save csp said...

Write more on this topic.

"Apply CSP
"
"CSP Registration
"
"CSP Provider
"
"Bank CSP
"

William said...

Hi! Nice blog. We also offering youQuickbooks Customer Service. If you need any help regarding QuickBooks issues, dial 1-855-756-1077 for instant help.

Aditya's Blog said...

I am very happy to read your blog. I am really impressed with your story. It is now very difficult to provide quality content to users. Thanks for sharing this blog.

Aditya's Blog
SEO
Local SEO
Technical SEO
Latest Update

Barbara Pantuso said...

politichatter
mixlr
justapinch

Jessica Jones said...

Hi my dear friend, here everyone is sharing such knowledgeable and valuable article content, so it’s fastidious to see this website more blogs and, I used to visit this content daily. Thank you so much for sharing publicly this subject :) australia assignment -
auditing assignment -
university assignment help australia

Joseff Welsh said...

It is really a helpful blog to find some different sources to add my knowledge. I came aware of the new professional blog and I am impressed with the suggestions of the author.
custom beard oil boxes

Olivia said...

I really like to read. I try to use such posts for improving knowledge. The topic you shared is an interesting one. I really like to read such posts and also I like to share it with my friends. homeplus | white hand blender | dough maker | turbo hand blender | colored chopper | double blade chopper

LOADED said...

DOWNLOAD MP3

Naija Song


MP4 DOWNLOAD

Glad To Hear From You DOWNLOAD MP3 | MUSIC | VIDEO

Aeryn Watts said...

Save money on candle boxes by shopping with us We offer the best prices for custom Candle boxes with free shipping and design support Call 1 540 860 0663.
Candle Boxes Wholesale

Emma Jackson said...

Keep up the wonderful piece of work, I read few posts on this internet site and I think that your blog is really interesting and holds bands of fantastic information.
CDR Report -
finance assignment help -
marketing assignment help

customized gifts for him said...

Thank you for sharing this informative and interesting post with us.We’ve gathered a whopping 40 DIY tutorials which all show you how to make some of the most stunning collar necklace ideas you’ve ever seen.necklace for women,necklace for men,custom necklace name,custom necklace with pictures,necklace and bracelet set,necklace aisha,custom necklace arabic,necklace and bracelet,necklace angel wings,necklace birthstone.

Brooklyn Smith said...

Thanks for the this topic share with us and, Your article has proved your hard work and experience you have got in this specially this topic information. Brilliant work and, i love it reading. Thank you very much and good luck. python programming assignment help -
science assignment help -
physics assignment help

DJ MoreMusic (Ayomide Adebiyi) said...

DJ MoreMusic

DJ MoreMusic

DJ MoreMusic

DJ MoreMusic

DJ MoreMusic

DJ MoreMusic

DJ MoreMusic

DJ MoreMusic

DJ MoreMusic

DJ MoreMusic

Gaurav said...

SmartSchool Education is a leading Indian K-12 education company. Innovation through technology forms the core DNA of the company. The company has been actively providing innovative K-12 educational solutions to various educational institution across the globe. The company has core competence in creating technology based K-12 education solutions to the clients worldwide. With current footprints in US, UK, Netherlands, Africa, Middle-east, Pakistan, Bhutan, Nepal, Singapore, Nigeria, Bangladesh and India, the company is now rapidly expanding its footprint across other parts of the world. Having catered to more than 1,000,000+ students and over 1000 schools world-wide, the company is poised to become one of the largest K-12 technology solution provider world over.
Studynlearn

alexanotresponding said...

This page have very nice content and i learn alot so keep posting.

Alexa Wont Respond

Jhonson said...

Indian Matka

final ank

Indian Matka

final ank

nancyjonesuk said...

We offer support regarding all the difficulty befalling BT email, so if you're trying to login to your email, then confirm you recognize the email login bt details. If you recognize your login credentials, then that’s great, if not, then don’t worry, as you'll find those by calling us at our BT support number.

smithsaracana said...

We offer excellent support for Plusnet webmail, so if you are about to use this email service, then make sure you have the correct Plusnet webmail login details. If you face any issue while logging into this webmail service, then you can call us at our Plusnet support number.

smithsaracana said...

We deliver support for Sky router, so if you want to setup this device, make sure you are able to login Sky router. It is with this router that you will be able to perform firmware update and password reset, etc. Find out what the right login details for Sky router by calling us at our helpline number.

Unknown said...

We can help you with Sky Router setup process. If you have been trying to setup your new Sky Router, but couldn’t access it, then make sure you are using the right Sky router settings. If you don’t know what the right settings for Sky router are, then you can consult our experts. Call us at our support number.

Advance Testing Lab said...

Thank you for helping us by providing unique things, that is, somewhere that helps us in our lives. If you still have technical problems, go there:


Advance Testing Lab
Oil Testing Lab
plastic & rubber testing
metals and alloys testing services

Malena Morgan said...

Need Leather Outfits, jackets, and other stuff 100% Pure visit Hollywood leather Jackets

Dhawan said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
Dhawan said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
Alice Addy said...

I am Alice Addy, a Corporate Sales Specialist operating in the Latin American region. We are experts in Market research (Mercado Mexicano de LED). We provide market reports across various industry verticals and also help with procurement and supply chain intelligence. By giving you better insights, we help you make informed business decisions.

QuickBooks Support Number said...

Nice Blog !
The pandemic has exacerbated the problem for all of us. In such challenging times, we at QuickBooks Customer Service never leave any chance of giving you exceptional technical assistance.

Topsgist Official Media said...

Thank you for sharing this great article. you have a good website content here and I will love to share with my readers on my websites. Thank you and you can also checkout my websites here;

Download Latest Mp3 Songs
Download South Africa Mp3 Songs
Latest Jobs In Nigeria
Career & Travelling Tips
Download Mp3 Songs
Latest Mp3 Songs
Download Mp3

Lokesh Goyal (Digital Marketing Expert) said...

Consult highly qualified gynaecologists & Obstetrician doctors online in Delhi. Book an appointment now and avail the best Gynaecologist & Obstetrician doctors consultation online.

custom packaging boxes said...

happy birthday wishes sms

Dheeraj valandas said...

Thank you for providing good information I like the blog post.
big business

Topsgist Official Media said...

Thank you for sharing this wonderful post!
https://www.justgiving.com/crowdfunding/villages-schools-feeding

https://www.justgiving.com/crowdfunding/romero-priya

http://www.good-tutorials.com/posts/51/everything-in-moderation

https://www.fark.com/users/gidimack/main

https://trailblazer.salesforce.com/answersHome_1?id=90630000000DNqtAAG&feedtype=SINGLE_QUESTION_DETAIL&dc=All&criteria=ALLQUESTIONS

Truyện ngΓ΄n tΓ¬nh hay said...

Thank you
truyện Δ‘am mα»Ή hay

Masonethan said...

Looking for a professional for your Coursework help then we are just a click away, visit our website and get the best help for your Coursework writing at a very cost-effective price.

singapore assignment help said...

This is an excellent post I seen thanks to share it. It is really what I wanted to see hope in future you will continue for sharing such a excellent post. pay to write essay

Assignment service provider said...

Hello there! My name is breet I’m an academic writer who offers college paper help and other academic writing services. I Have 5 Years of experience working as an academic writer in the field of paper writing. I have written college papers for many students. I provide the best help for writing college papers. If are facing any kind of doubt, feel free to ask, and I'll guide you.

Unknown said...

great post Halloween Costumes

lifeline said...


Thanks for your life sever blogg.thanks for your important time

Chandigarh Escort chandigarh Call Girls

call girls in chandigarh

zirakpur call girl zirakpur escort

mohali escort mohali call girls

Escort Panchkula Panchkula call Girls

ludhiana call girls hot models

Chandigarh Escort Call Girl Chandigarh

Zirakpur Call Girls Zirakpur Escort

Solan Escort Solan Call Girl

ambala escort ambala call girl

call girls in jammu jammu Escort service

goa escort service call girl goa

pune call girl pune escort

shimla call girl Shimla Escort

vip escort manali call girl Manali

kolkata call girl kolkata Escort

kasauli escort Call Girl Kasauli

Daily Technology Updates said...

Nice information thanks for providing it to us.

comment installer office com sur notre PC. Installation facile de www office com setup et installation de la suite Microsoft Office. Vérifiez également la configuration de office com en français et procédez à l'installation de https setup office com 2010

faaantas said...


Nice post. I used to be checking constantly this blog and I am impressed! Extremely useful info particularly the ultimate section πŸ™‚ I take care of such information a lot. I was seeking this certain information for a long time. Thank you and best of luck.
merits and demerits of online classes

Reign Official said...

From Reign you can buy the latest Pret Wear at best prices and enjoy free home delivery.

danamartin said...

Without understanding what an article critique is, it is impossible to prepare a quality and holistic assignment. An article critique analyzes a piece of writing prepared by another person and it is easily done with article critique writing service

saad said...

This is amazing and exciting and valuable stuff. Thanks for this Tejar

Jackson Martin said...

Your blog website provided us with useful information to execute with. Each & every recommendation of your website is awesome. Thanks a lot for talking about it. Halloween Jackets

Bosstorm Blog said...

Kudos to you guys Davido

Harry Thomas said...

Yahoo will send you a reset link in your phone number or email address. In case if you are not accessing to the phone number anymore, click on I don’t have access to this phone option. It will then send you the link to your alternative mail address. Check your mail and do the procedure as suggested.

Harry Thomas said...

Wondering “ why is my computer so slow?” Running too many programs altogether can be one of the causes of this issue, making your life troublesome and too slow.

Satta King said...

"Wow, awesome blog design! How long have you been blogging? You make blogs seem easy. The overall look of your site is fantastic, especially the content!

Sattaking
Satta King"

Premier League Football said...

your website provides all the info needed. thank you. you can also get all various type of Best Red Wine and also
Moet Chadon wine just check us out

King Victor said...

Nice Writeup
Sports Fan Journal
Soundify

Study live zone said...

Thanks a lot for giving us such a helpful information. You can also visit our website for nmims bba assignments

Tosinaija The Plug said...

Great blog you have here but I was curious if you knew of any community forums that cover the same topics talked about here?
Get Latest information
Get Latest GIST
All Music
I’d really love to be a part of group where I can get comments from other
knowledgeable people that share the same interest.
www.tosinaija.com

James Martin said...


Assignment Help providers ensure better grades for college students. Assignment Helper Ireland provides students around the world with efficient quality academic assignments. Their experts follow university guidelines and provide the best possible help to students at various universities around the world.

Soft4u said...

Cream Packaging Boxes

Cris Jordan said...


Do My Homework for students. Our experts are experienced and knowledgeable with qualifications from various renowned and reputed colleges and Universities.

bestgynecologistdelhi said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
Pharmacy Meds Online said...

Get The Best Articles About Several Disorders Like ADHD, Anxiety, Hair Loss, Pain, Insomnia, And Many More Through Our Website.

Get Best Articles Of Health Symptoms
Best Pharmacy Meds Articles
Online Health Tips
Visit Our Website

Path Finder said...

Well said






https://gospelhypenation.com.ng

Latest Gist said...

After going through your blog I realized that there is much vital information that you shared here. I can't finish all at the moment before I will surely come back to read more. Nice job. Funding For Health Projects In Africa 2021

Merry Smith said...

Thanks for sharing this amazing blog with some unique information keep it up. Here is safelite promo code $100 just check it now

Premier League Football said...

need a football livescores site ? check out Football live scores

Dr Sandeep jha - Liver Specialist Delhi said...


https://drsandeepjha.com/
Business Name - Dr Sandeep Jha, Gastro Doctor in Dwarka Manipal Hospital, Hepatobiliary, GI Surgeon in Delhi, GI Cancer Specialist, Liver Treatment, Liver Transplant Surgeon
Address - Care & Cure Clinic, C17, opposite Indian Bank, near SBI Bank, Malviya Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi 110017
Best doctor for liver in delhi
Best Gastroenterologist in Delhi
timings - monday to saturday ( 5 to 8 pm)
phone - 09999984373

besturologistdelhi said...

www.drvineetmalhotra.com
Best Sexologist in Delhi
Best Urologist in Delhi
Address
SCM Clinics by Dr. Vineet Malhotra - Best Sexologist & Urologist in Delhi, NCR, M-2, Ground Floor, Greater Kailash, Part 1New Delhi, Delhi 110048
Timing
1:30 pm to 6:30 pm
Best Erectile Dysfunction Doctor in Delhi
Best RIRS Kidney Stone treatment in Delhi

Dr Sandeep jha - Liver Specialist Delhi said...

https://drsandeepjha.com/
Business Name - Dr Sandeep Jha, Gastro Doctor in Dwarka Manipal Hospital, Hepatobiliary, GI Surgeon in Delhi, GI Cancer Specialist, Liver Treatment, Liver Transplant Surgeon
Address - Care & Cure Clinic, C17, opposite Indian Bank, near SBI Bank, Malviya Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi 110017
Best doctor for liver in delhi
Best Gastroenterologist in Delhi
Live Specialist in Delhi
timings - monday to saturday ( 5 to 8 pm)
phone - 09999984373

childspecialistnoida said...

dr nalin agarwal is the Best Child Specialist in Noida.
he is Best Pediatrician in Noida.
if you want to find child doctor near me then visit www.drnalinagarwal.com
Dr Nalin Agarwal - Best Pediatrician in Noida, Child Specialist in Noida, 30+ Years Experience

besturologistdelhi said...

dr vineet malhotra is the Best Sexologist in Delhi.he is the Best Urologist in Delhi .if you are searching for Best Erectile Dysfunction Doctor in Delhi then come on www.drvineetmalhotra.com

Unknown said...

Thank you for this article. Kudos from NaijaLumia

Frederick Samuel said...

If you are fed up with your online classes, we have a deal for you. Book us today to attend your more than two online classes and we promise to take the third one for free at do my online class for me.

HerbalCenter.PK said...



Viagra 200Mg In Pakistan | HerbalCenter.Pk
Viagra Tablets 100Mg Price In Pakistan | HerbalCenter.Pk
Levitra 20mg Tablets | HerbalCenter.Pk
Cialis Tablets In Pakistan | HerbalCenter.Pk
Original Vigrx Plus In Pakistan | HerbalCenter.Pk

baltazarhabig said...

Poker Tournaments | Agen Poker Tournaments, Poker Tournaments
Casino Tournaments. A μŠˆμ–΄λ²³ tournament where you μŠΉμΈμ „ν™”μ—†λŠ” μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ can win free, cash prizes and 365bet prizes for all your favorite games, tournaments μ˜¨λΌμΈλ°”μΉ΄λΌ and players. The best free 온라인 슬둯 λ¨Έμ‹  poker Tournaments.

Kelly0989 said...

This instruction is cearly written and supported with picturesa and comments and still, makes no sence to me. I need urgent writing help to proceed with death penalty essay writing, I am running out of time and feel the lack of important details. Besides the paper needs to be checked on plagiarism and grammar and spelling errors. I have so much work to do.

igoal88 said...

Thanks for providing such a great article, This article is very help full for me, a lot of Thanks.
ΰΈ•ิΰΈ”ΰΈ•่ΰΈ­ igoal88

value Assignment Help said...

This is a great inspiring article. thank you for share. we also provide assignment help , content writing services, resume writing services, essay writing services, exam help services, etc.
Australia assignment help
,

Canada assignment help
,

Germany assignment help
,

U.S assignment help
,new york assignment help ,
assignment help in korean
, assignment help liverpool.

Dr Sandeep jha - Liver Specialist Delhi said...


Dr Sandeep Jha - Best Gastroenterologist in Delhi, Best Liver Doctor in Delhi

dr sandeep jha is the Best doctor for liver in delhi .He is the Best Gastroenterologist in Delhi.if you want to meet Live Specialist in Delhi than click here https://www.drsandeepjha.com/

lindapaul said...

Hi, First time I am visiting this website. I liked it very much. Your website is simple and informative. If you need best paediatrician in Kasaragod, then doctors hospital is the best choice.

Mia Oscar said...

Great post!! What is Referencing in Academic Writing? When you mention the name of the author of the source you are referring to, then also mention the date of publication and page number so that readers can find out where exactly from you have taken that information. Most of the times, we don’t mention these details because we are not sure how to do this. So here we are providing you a step by step guide on how to cite sources in your academic papers.

Awais Ali said...

Wow, the review was authentic. Thanks a lot for sharing it!

Business Services said...

Your Content is amazing and I am glad to read them. Thanks for sharing the Blog.this blog is very helpful information for every one.

satellite radio for car

Mia Oscar said...


A successful Comparative Essay between two subjects can be used as a persuasive tool, describing similarities between them. And by describing them in detail, you can lure the readers into believing you are knowledgeable about the topic. This can help persuade the reader to your point of view, encouraging them to follow your ideas about the topic.

josh isib said...

great content..
Jesse Posey Age, Net Worth, Biography, Height, Instagram
Moroccan Scott Cannon Age, Net Worth, Wikipedia
Abby Hornacek Height, Wikipedia, Bio, Net Worth, Salary
sebastian maniscalco net worth
Sophie Mudd Age, Height, Biography, Net Worth, Salary
dj akademiks Net Worth
Lena The Plug Reddit
Jill Hardener Videos, Bio, Net Worth, Twitter, Age

Mp3musik said...

Nice website Download Mp3

Download Mp3

Aarav jain said...

Basketball legends unblocked
Basketball Legends (unblocked games) are.io and HTML games that may be played across your school or workplace network. You must, however, use them in your own time rather than during working or studying hours. These games are available on Google and can also be accessed through sites.google.com. As a result, you won't have any difficulty locating them.

Deepsikha said...

.........Michelin is best known for the efficient car handling, higher mileage and longevity of their tyres.
michelin vs hankook tires
Hankook is quick to catch up with the industry standards.

MalaysiaAssignmentHelp said...

Very impressive blog I am very fortunate to find this,
If you are in Need of Final exam helper Malaysia then Malaysiaassignmenthelp.com is here to help you with its top class and safest exam help services available at affordable rates.

ireland assignment help said...

We are really grateful for your blog post for giving a lot of information. write my essay

Kumar said...

Our lives have been made easier by the introduction of bottled and jarred packaged goods It has aided in the easy and effective transport of commodities from one location to another. Despite this, it played a critical role during the pandemic. The demand for packaged items has risen dramatically in recent years. For long-term storage of food, a variety of containers are employed. Bottles and jars are the two most common types of food packaging. Food items are packaged in glass to keep them from spoiling. Food packaging has been used since the dawn of time. When food and liquids were kept in glass jars and bottles for storage and preservation.

https://www.mygeekshelp.com/benefits-of-bottle-and-jarred-products/

Vengy Gaga said...

aka ms remote connect
The Aka.Ms remote connect is way to connect the individuals to enjoy playing the Minecraft game as a group with computers across the world.

Steps to Setup Aka.MS/remote connect using smart phone:

Firstly, open aka.ms/remoteconnect website and check your gaming device and login into your account.
Secondly, login to your Microsoft account.
Now, follow the on-screen instructions to connect.

MalaysiaAssignmentHelp said...

If you're having problems finishing your MBA assignments before the deadline, contact Malaysiaassignmenthelp.com for MBA assignment help in Malaysia. Your MBA assignments will be finished according to the requirements by specialists with exceptional quality before the deadline.

Hitzloadedza said...

DOWNLOAD LATEST SONGS

James Andersan said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
Assignment helper Malaysia said...

In Search of the Top notch Thesis writer Malaysia, then end your search at assignmenthelper.my as we will assign you best academic writers who will finish your thesis with excellent quality work at very cheap rates.

Latest news said...

Hey i really love the stuff you are sharing with us. Keep on sharing it and i'll keep in touch with your site.
raku canberra

Dammy said...

For being the first person to come in and the last person to leave, I commend your dedication and hard work!
Football player who never got yellow card during his whole career

Ifetex said...

Nice article

https://nobsloaded.com

Ifetex said...

Great article thanks for sharing

Checkout Music Downloads

OfofoTunes Media said...

Latest music Here

Naijwize said...

Home
ALBUM/EP
KOREAN DRAMA
MOVIE
MUSIC
VIDEO

Mp3musik said...

nice article Download Mp3

Top Visa Consultants in India said...

Thank you for sharing your content. It's really interesting, we will publish a little bit of similar content, I hope like your visitors.

Oasis Resource Management Pvt Ltd is the best Visa Consultants in India for overseas. Our company has expertise, knowledge, excellence, and infrastructure for immigration cases consisting of non-immigrant and immigrant visas.

9jaheritage said...

I need a good article writer for my blog!
I need a good article writer for my blog!
I need a good article writer for my blog!
I need a good article writer for my blog!
I need a good article writer for my blog!

Oasis Visas said...

Thank you for sharing such amazing content. I would like to share my articles with you hope your users like them, we are immigration consultants in India. Are you interested to know about Canada Express Entry Step by Step Process, Oasis Resource Management is one of the leading visa consultants in India Please go through my articles once.

diploma assignmenthelp uk said...

I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article. ilm assignment writer uk

Sruthi Karan said...

Very interesting article! It was really useful for me and Thanks for your excellent post!
uncontested divorce in virginia beach
uncontested divorce in virginia cost

Jim Ikuta said...

what a great post. thank you for sharing!
these toner cartridges are great and cheap.
HP 58X
HP 58A
HP 58 Toner Recycle Drill
HP LaserJet Pro M404dn Toner
Canon 055 vs 055H, Which One Should I Buy?

tim david said...

Best Blog Ever.

Qdexi Technology trusted and result given WordPress Website Design Company. Our specialists give 100% results.

Sexy Milf Videos said...

Live Milf Videos

healthyly said...

Healthyly is a lifestyle blog for women that talks about women health, skincare, beauty, home remedies and home organization. We create research based articles to help our female readers live a happy, healthy and organized life. If you are looking for the best lifestyle blog in India for women, then visit healthyly today for amazing tips & tricks. www.healthyly.in

besturologistdelhi said...

dr vineet malhotra is the Best Sexologist in Delhi.he is the Best Urologist in Delhi .if you are searching for Best Erectile Dysfunction Doctor in Delhi then come on www.drvineetmalhotra.com

Samino said...

Ahaa, its nice dialogue on the topic of this paragraph at this place at this webpage

Berita Container
Distributor Container

Wilkes Barre Tree Care said...

Wilkes Barre Tree Care is committed to providing high quality tree services in the Wilkes Barre, PA area.

Anonymous said...

Interesting post on Wardriving for Zigbee! As someone who's into IoT and healthcare, I've been exploring ways to enhance my BP check process. By the way, have you tried Meri Sehat's online medical services? They provide excellent healthcare solutions, including online consultations with experienced doctors, making it easier to stay on top of your health.

Get Me Up said...

Your Blog is very nice.
Wish to see much more like this. Thanks for sharing your information

Book Public Notice Ad in Newspaper

Online Psikolog Platform Bloğu said...

Sancaktepe Online Psikolog

Dollar General DGme said...

Wonderful article. It's very useful. Dollar General Dgme

Nexthop said...

Thanks for this great informative content you have shared here here

The Genuine Leather said...

Thanks for sharing I really like your beautiful content. I got information from your blog. keep sharing Brown leather jacket outfit

johnson said...

This is an intriguing post! I'm grateful to have discovered it.It's great to see that people are still discussing this.It's also great that you included references in your post. continue to share.
protective orders in virginia
Leesburg Divorce Lawyer

Prince deright said...

Wow impressive. check out naijaplaylist of professionals for african musical content.

Rasheed Khan said...

Thanks for a great process.. I love to read the blog...
Visit us for getting Online Tuition For ISC Board. Thank You!

Scribit Solutions said...

this post us is very nice. Scribit Solutions is a search engine marketing services delhi ncr that provides comprehensive, on-time, and efficient services to clients in Delhi NCR. Our experienced professionals use the latest search engine optimization techniques to improve your website visibility and click-through rates, thereby driving more traffic to your site. Contact us now for a free consultation!

Birla Trimaya said...

Live the extraordinary at Birla Trimaya, a vast enclave near Bangalore Airport.

Prestige Park Grove said...

Escape to Prestige Park Grove and embrace a life of elegance.

landscape said...

Thanks for sharing such awesome content with us. It's worth reading. If you're looking to buy Harry Potter wall art, we offer a meticulously crafted piece that any Harry Potter fan would adore.

The Assignment Helpline said...


Looking for professional assistance with your Statistics Dissertation Help? Our team of experts provides top-notch help to ensure your success. Contact us today.

Stefen Sparrow said...

Elevate your online presence with the leading web design experts in Jaipur, Blockverse Infotech Solutions. Immerse yourself in a world of innovative designs and seamless user experiences tailored to your business. Our skilled team of designers combines artistic flair with technical expertise, ensuring your website stands out amidst the digital clutter. At Blockverse Infotech Solutions, we redefine web design in Jaipur, blending creativity and functionality to create visually captivating, user-friendly websites. Experience the difference with our unmatched web design services, setting new standards in the industry.

Lite App said...

UPSers Thanks for this post.

Receiptify said...

Receiptify
Thanks for this post.

Receiptify said...

DGME Login Thanks for this post.

Eliaz Beth said...

The criminal justice system is a complex web of laws, regulations, and procedures designed to ensure fairness and justice. One integral aspect of this system is the concept of bail bonds. Often shrouded in mystery and portrayed in movies and TV shows, bail bonds play a crucial role in the pretrial phase of criminal proceedings. Santa Ana Bail Bonds

sirmedia said...

Hey there! 🌟 Loved your perspective on English in your latest post. πŸ‘ Adding my two cents: language evolution is fascinating! πŸš€ What do you think about the impact of tech on language? πŸ€” #LanguageNerdWholesale crystals







sirmedia said...

Hey there! πŸš€ Loved your perspective on English! πŸ’¬ Adding a new twist: Language is a dance, and English? Well, it's got the coolest moves! What's your take? πŸ’ƒπŸ•Ί-industrial valves







sirmedia said...

Hey there! Loved your post. πŸ’‘ How about exploring [insert perspective] to spice things up? Let's keep the conversation rolling! πŸš€
-Fish Shop






Jewel Galore said...

Discover a captivating range of rings for women at Jewelgalore. Explore their collection of beautifully crafted pieces, each designed to add elegance and charm to your style.

OSH UNIVERSITY said...

When considering top-ranking medical universities , Osh University stands out, thanks to its inclusion in the Kyrgyz State Medical Academy world ranking, which highlights its dedication to providing quality education.

Shalamar Hospital said...

Shalamar Hospital's orthopedic department is dedicated to enhancing your musculoskeletal health, combining expertise with compassionate care in a modern medical environment.

«Oldest ‹Older   1 – 200 of 219   Newer› Newest»